List of Food Additives which is approved by Singapore Food Agency (SFA)
Table 1: Food Additives name with INS number, E number and schedule number Singapore Food Agency. (2023).
The use of food additives in both locally produced and imported food products intended for sale in Singapore is strictly regulated under the Food Regulations. The Singapore Food Agency (SFA) enforces these regulations to ensure all additives used adhere to international safety standards and are used within regulatory limits. To ensure compliance, SFA has published a guidance document to assist food businesses in verifying that only permitted additives are used in regulated levels. This exemplifies Singapore's robust food safety framework for the protection of public health and consumer interests. [1]
Navigating Singapore's Approved Food Additives: A Comprehensive Guide for Industry and Consumers
The use of food additives in both locally produced and imported food products intended for sale in Singapore is strictly regulated under the Food Regulations. The Singapore Food Agency (SFA) enforces these regulations to ensure all additives used adhere to international safety standards and are used within regulatory limits. To ensure compliance, SFA has published a guidance document to assist food businesses in verifying that only permitted additives are used in regulated levels. This exemplifies Singapore’s robust food safety framework for the protection of public health and consumer interests. [1]
Understanding Food Additives
In terms of food additives, there are a myriad of substances that could potentially be included, and these consist of preservatives, coloring agents, flavoring agents, emulsifiers, stabilizers, and sweeteners. An additive can be utilized to prevent spoilage, provide a better taste, or change texture. In any case, these additives must be regulated strictly in the interest of protecting consumers.
Food additives can either come from natural sources or be artificially synthesized. On the other hand, they are not considered as additives for undesired substances resulting from contamination or improper handling of foods. [2]
Regulatory Framework in Singapore
The SFA’s regulatory regime is founded on scientific risk assessment and conforming to the international standards, for instance, of the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The Food Regulations specify the types of approved additives, their allowable concentrations, and the food categories in which they can be used. Thus, the use of additives is regulated such that they are not misused or abused for health risks.
Categories of Permitted Food Additives
- Preservatives: These types of substances inhibit the growth of microorganisms and thereby increase the shelf life of food products. For instance, sorbic acid and benzoic acid are allowed in certain food groups within defined limits.
- Coloring Agents: These are substances that provide food with color or restore the natural color lost due to preparation. Only specified colors, whether natural or synthetic, are allowed. For example, paprika extract is allowed in accordance with good manufacturing practices, while Sudan dyes are prohibited due to safety concerns.
- Flavor Enhancers: These PAs increase the intensity of the natural flavor of food. MSG is allowed under certain conditions.
- Emulsifiers and Stabilizers: They provide and maintain specific textures to foods. Lecithin, mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids are some of the common emulsifiers allowed in food products.
- Sweeteners: Other sweeteners are permitted to be used instead of sugar in certain food categories as per dietary requirements, for instance, sugar-free products.
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name of Additive (as listed in Food Regulations) | Regulation/Schedule No. (under Food Regulations) | Notes |
| 100 | – | Curcumins | See INS 100(i) & (ii) | – | – |
| 100(i) | 100 | Curcumin | Curcumin | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 100(ii) | – | Turmeric | Turmeric | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 101 | 101 | Riboflavins | See INS 101(i) & (ii) | – | – |
| 101(i) | – | Synthetic Riboflavin | Riboflavin | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 101(ii) | – | Riboflavin 5′-phosphate sodium | Riboflavin-5′-phosphate sodium | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 102 | 102 | Tartrazine | Tartrazine | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP (Note specific labeling requirements) |
Note: GMP refers to “Good Manufacturing Practice,” indicating that the additive may be added to food at a quantity limited to the lowest possible level necessary to accomplish its desired effect.
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name of Additive (as listed in Food Regulations) | Regulation/Schedule No. (under Food Regulations) | Notes |
| 103 | – | Alkanet | Alkannet | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 104 | 104 | Quinoline Yellow | Quinoline Yellow | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 110 | 110 | Sunset Yellow FCF | Sunset Yellow FCF | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 120 | 120 | Carmines | Colour obtained from cochineal | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 122 | 122 | Azorubine (Carmoisine) | Carmoisine | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 123 | 123 | Amaranth | Amaranth | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 124 | 124 | Ponceau 4R (Cochineal Red A) | Ponceau 4R | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 127 | 127 | Erythrosine | Erythrosine | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 129 | 129 | Allura Red AC | Allura Red AC | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 132 | 132 | Indigotine (Indigo Carmine) | Indigo Carmine | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 133 | 133 | Brilliant Blue FCF | Brilliant Blue FCF | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 134 | – | Spirulina Extract | Spirulina Extract or Cyanobacterial-Phycocyanin Extracted from Spirulina Platensis | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 140 | 140 | Chlorophyll | Chlorophyll | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 141 | 141 | Chlorophylls and Chlorophyllins, Copper Complexes | See INS 141(i) & (ii) | – | – |
| 141(i) | 141 | Chlorophylls, Copper Complexes | Copper Complexes of Chlorophylls | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name of Additive (as listed in Food Regulations) | Regulation/Schedule No. (under Food Regulations) | Notes |
| 141(ii) | 141 | Chlorophyllins, Copper Complexes, Potassium and Sodium Salts | Sodium and Potassium Salts of Copper Complexes of Chlorophyllins | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 142 | 142 | Green S | Green S | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 143 | – | Fast Green FCF | Fast Green FCF | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 150a | 150a | Caramel I – Plain (Caustic Caramel) | Plain Caramel (Caustic Caramel) | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 150b | 150b | Caramel II – Caustic Sulfite Process | Caustic Sulphite Caramel | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 150c | 150c | Caramel III – Ammonia Process | Ammonia Caramel | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 150d | 150d | Caramel IV – Sulfite Ammonia Process | Sulphite Ammonia Caramel | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 151 | 151 | Brilliant Black (Black PN) | Brilliant Black PN | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 153 | 153 | Vegetable Carbon | Carbon Black (Prepared from Vegetable Sources Only) | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 155 | 155 | Brown HT | Chocolate Brown HT | 5th Schedule (Part I) | GMP |
| 160a | 160a | Carotenes | See INS 160a(i) to (iii) | – | – |
| 160a(i) | – | Beta-Carotenes (Synthetic) | Carotene / Beta-Carotene | 5th Schedule (Part II), 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 160a(ii) | – | Beta-Carotenes (Vegetable) | Carotene / Beta-Carotene | 5th Schedule (Part II), 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 160a(iii) | – | Beta-Carotenes (Blakeslea Trispora) | Carotene / Beta-Carotene | 5th Schedule (Part II), 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 160b | 160b | Annatto Extracts | Annatto | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 160b(i) | 160b | Annatto Extracts, Bixin-Based | Annatto | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name of Additive (as listed in Food Regulations) | Regulation/Schedule No. (under Food Regulations) | Notes |
| 160b(ii) | 160b | Annatto Extracts, Norbixin-Based | Annatto | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 160c(ii) | 160c | Paprika Extract | Paprika Extract | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 160d | 160d | Lycopenes | See INS 160d(i), (ii), and (iii) | – | – |
| 160d(i) | – | Lycopene (Synthetic) | Lycopene | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 160d(ii) | – | Lycopenes (Tomato) | Lycopene | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 160d(iii) | – | Lycopenes (Blakeslea Trispora) | Lycopene | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 160e | 160e | Beta-Apo-8′-Carotenal | Carotene | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 160f | – | Beta-Apo-8′-Carotenoic Acid, Ethyl Ester | Carotene | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 161b(i) | 161b | Lutein from Tagetes Erecta | Lutein | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 161b(iii) | – | Lutein Esters from Tagetes Erecta | Lutein Esters from Tagetes Erecta | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 162 | 162 | Beet Red | Beet Red | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 163(ii) | – | Grape Skin Extract | Grape Skin Extract (Enociania) | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 163(v) | – | Red Cabbage Colour | Red Cabbage Colour | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 166 | – | Sandalwood | Sandalwood | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 170(i) | 170 | Calcium Carbonate | Calcium Carbonate | Regulation 16(3), 7th & 8th Schedules | * |
| 171 | 171 | Titanium Dioxide | Titanium Dioxide | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 172 | 172 | Iron Oxides | Iron Oxide | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 172(i) | 172 | Iron Oxide, Black | Iron Oxide | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name of Additive (as listed in Food Regulations) | Regulation/Schedule No. (under Food Regulations) | Notes |
| 172(ii) | 172 | Iron Oxide, Red | Iron Oxide | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 172(iii) | 172 | Iron Oxide, Yellow | Iron Oxide | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 173 | 173 | Aluminium | Aluminium | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 174 | 174 | Silver | Silver | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 175 | 175 | Gold (Metallic) | Gold | 5th Schedule (Part II) | GMP |
| 200 | 200 | Sorbic Acid | Sorbic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 201 | – | Sodium Sorbate | Sodium Salt of Sorbic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 202 | 202 | Potassium Sorbate | Potassium Salt of Sorbic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 203 | 203 | Calcium Sorbate | Calcium Salt of Sorbic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 210 | 210 | Benzoic Acid | Benzoic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 211 | 211 | Sodium Benzoate | Sodium Salt of Benzoic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 212 | 212 | Potassium Benzoate | Potassium Salt of Benzoic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 218 | 218 | Methyl Para-Hydroxybenzoate | Methyl Para-Hydroxybenzoate | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 219 | 219 | Sodium Methyl Para-Hydroxybenzoate | Sodium Salt of Methyl Para-Hydroxybenzoate | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 220 | 220 | Sulfur Dioxide | Sulphur Dioxide | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 221 | 221 | Sodium Sulfite | Sodium Salt of Sulphurous Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 222 | 222 | Sodium Hydrogen Sulfite | Sodium Salt of Sulphurous Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name of Additive (as listed in Food Regulations) | Regulation/Schedule No. (under Food Regulations) | Notes |
| 223 | 223 | Sodium Metabisulfite | Sodium Salt of Sulphurous Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 224 | 224 | Potassium Metabisulfite | Potassium Salt of Sulphurous Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 225 | – | Potassium Sulfite | Potassium Salt of Sulphurous Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 226 | 226 | Calcium Sulfite | Calcium Salt of Sulphurous Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 227 | 227 | Calcium Hydrogen Sulfite | Calcium Salt of Sulphurous Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 228 | 228 | Potassium Bisulfite | Potassium Salt of Sulphurous Acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 233 | – | Thiabendazole | Regulated as a pesticide for which maximum residue limits are specified under the Food Regulations | 9th Schedule | * |
| 234 | 234 | Nisin | Nisin | Regulation 32(3) | * |
| 235 | 235 | Natamycin (Pimaricin) | Natamycin | Regulation 117(2) | * |
| 242 | 242 | Dimethyl Dicarbonate | Dimethyl Dicarbonate | Regulation 19(2)(c), 4th Schedule (Part II) | * |
| 249 | 249 | Potassium Nitrite | Nitrite of Potassium | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 250 | 250 | Sodium Nitrite | Nitrite of Sodium | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 251 | 251 | Sodium Nitrate | Nitrate of Sodium | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 252 | 252 | Potassium Nitrate | Nitrate of Potassium | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 260 | 260 | Acetic Acid (Glacial) | Acetic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a), 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name of Additive (as listed in Food Regulations) | Regulation/Schedule No. (under Food Regulations) | Notes |
| 261 | – | Potassium Acetates | See INS 261(i) & (ii) | ||
| 261(i) | 261 | Potassium Acetate | Potassium Salt of Acetic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 261(ii) | – | Potassium Diacetate | Potassium Salt of Acetic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 262 | 262 | Sodium Acetates | See INS 262(i) & (ii) | ||
| 262(i) | – | Sodium Acetate | Sodium Acetate / Sodium Salt of Acetic Acid | 8th Schedule, Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 262(ii) | – | Sodium Diacetate | Sodium Salt of Acetic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 263 | 263 | Calcium Acetate | Calcium Salt of Acetic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 270 | 270 | Lactic Acid (L-, D-, and DL-) | Lactic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a), 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 280 | 280 | Propionic Acid | Propionic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 281 | 281 | Sodium Propionate | Sodium Salt of Propionic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 282 | 282 | Calcium Propionate | Calcium Salt of Propionic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 283 | 283 | Potassium Propionate | Potassium Salt of Propionic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 290 | 290 | Carbon Dioxide | Carbon Dioxide | Regulation 27(2), 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 296 | 296 | Malic Acid (DL-) | Malic Acid | Regulations 19(2)(a), 141, 173, 174, 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 297 | 297 | Fumaric Acid | Fumaric Acid | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 300 | 300 | Ascorbic Acid (L-) | Ascorbic Acid | Regulation 17(2), 19(2)(a), 39(2)(d), 171 | GMP |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name of Additive (as listed in Food Regulations) | Regulation/Schedule No. (under Food Regulations) | Notes |
| 301 | 301 | Sodium Ascorbate | Sodium Salt of Ascorbic Acid / Sodium Ascorbate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 302 | 302 | Calcium Ascorbate | Calcium Salt of Ascorbic Acid / Calcium Ascorbate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 303 | – | Potassium Ascorbate | Potassium Salt of Ascorbic Acid / Potassium Ascorbate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 304 | 304(i) | Ascorbyl Palmitate | Ascorbyl Palmitate / Ascorbyl-6-Palmitate | 3rd Schedule, 7th Schedule | *3rd Schedule |
| 307 | – | Tocopherols | Tocopherols | Regulation 17(2) | GMP |
| 307a | 307 | Tocopherol, d-alpha | D-alpha Tocopherol | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 307b | 306 | Tocopherol Concentrate, Mixed | Tocopherols | Regulation 17(2) | GMP |
| 307c | 307 | Tocopherol, dl-alpha | DL-alpha Tocopherol | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 310 | 310 | Propyl Gallate | Propyl Gallate | 3rd Schedule | * |
| 311 | 311 | Octyl Gallate | Octyl Gallate | 3rd Schedule | * |
| 312 | 312 | Dodecyl Gallate | Dodecyl Gallate | 3rd Schedule | * |
| 315 | 315 | Erythorbic Acid (Isoascorbic Acid) | Erythorbic Acid | Regulations 17(2) & 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 316 | 316 | Sodium Erythorbate (Sodium Isoascorbate) | Sodium Salt of Erythorbic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 317 | – | Potassium Isoascorbate | Potassium Salt of Erythorbic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 318 | – | Calcium Isoascorbate | Calcium Salt of Erythorbic Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 319 | 319 | Tertiary Butylhydroquinone | Tertiary Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) | 3rd Schedule | * |
| 320 | 320 | Butylated Hydroxyanisole | Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) | 3rd Schedule | * |
| 321 | 321 | Butylated Hydroxytoluene | Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) | 3rd Schedule | * |
| 322(i) | 322 | Lecithin | Lecithin | Regulation 17(2), 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 322(ii) | – | Partially Hydrolysed Lecithin | Partially Hydrolysed Lecithin | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 324 | – | Ethoxyquin | Ethoxyquin | 3rd & 9th Schedules | * |
| 325 | 325 | Sodium Lactate | Sodium Salt of Lactic Acid / Sodium Lactate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 326 | 326 | Potassium Lactate | Potassium Salt of Lactic Acid / Potassium Lactate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 327 | 327 | Calcium Lactate | Calcium Salt of Lactic Acid / Calcium Lactate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 329 | – | Magnesium Lactate (DL-) | Magnesium Lactate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 330 | 330 | Citric Acid | Citric Acid | Regulations 17(2), 19(2)(a), 26(3), 125, 173 & 174, 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 331 | 331 | Sodium Citrates | See INS 331(i), (ii) & (iii) | ||
| 331(i) | – | Sodium Dihydrogen Citrate | Sodium Salt of Citric Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 331(ii) | – | Disodium Monohydrogen Citrate | Sodium Salt of Citric Acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 331(iii) | – | Trisodium Citrate | Sodium Salt of Citric Acid / Sodium Citrate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Additive Description | Regulation / Schedule Reference | Notes |
| 332 | 332 | Potassium citrates | See INS 332 (i) & (ii) | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 332(i) | – | Potassium dihydrogen citrate | Potassium salt of citric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 332(ii) | – | Tripotassium citrate | Potassium salt of citric acid / Potassium citrate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 333 | 333 | Calcium citrates | See INS 333 (i), (ii) & (iii) | Regulation 19(2)(a) & 26(3) | GMP |
| 333(i) | – | Monocalcium citrate | Calcium salt of citric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) & 26(3) | GMP |
| 333(ii) | – | Dicalcium citrate | Calcium salt of citric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) & 26(3) | GMP |
| 333(iii) | – | Tricalcium citrate | Calcium salt of citric acid / Calcium citrate | Regulation 19(2)(a) & 26(3), 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 334 | 334 | Tartaric acid (L (+)-) | Tartaric acid | Regulations 19(2)(a), 26(3), 173 & 174, 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 335 | 335 | Sodium tartrates | See INS 335(i) & (ii) | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 335(i) | – | Monosodium tartrate | Sodium salt of tartaric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 335(ii) | – | Sodium L(+) – tartrate | Sodium salt of tartaric acid / Sodium tartrate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 336 | 336 | Potassium tartrates | See INS 336(i) & (ii) | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 336(i) | – | Monopotassium tartrate | Potassium salt of tartaric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 336(ii) | – | Dipotassium tartrate | Potassium salt of tartaric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 337 | 337 | Potassium sodium L(+)-tartrate | Sodium potassium tartrate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Additive Description | Regulation / Schedule Reference | Notes |
| 338 | 338 | Phosphoric acid | Phosphoric acid | Regulations 17(2), 19(2)(a) & 26(3), 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 339 | 339 | Sodium phosphates | See INS 339(i), (ii) & (iii) | Regulation 19(2)(a), 6th, 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 339(i) | – | Sodium dihydrogen phosphate | Sodium salt of phosphoric acid / Sodium phosphate, monobasic | Regulation 19(2)(a), 6th, 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 339(ii) | – | Disodium hydrogen phosphate | Sodium salt of phosphoric acid / Sodium phosphate, dibasic | Regulation 19(2)(a), 6th, 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 339(iii) | – | Trisodium phosphate | Sodium salt of phosphoric acid / Sodium phosphate, tribasic | Regulation 19(2)(a), 6th, 7th, 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 340 | 340 | Potassium phosphates | See INS 340(i), (ii) & (iii) | Regulation 19(2)(a), 6th & 7th Schedules | GMP |
| 340(i) | – | Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | Potassium salt of phosphoric acid / Potassium phosphate, monobasic | Regulation 19(2)(a), 6th & 7th Schedules | GMP |
| 340(ii) | – | Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate | Potassium salt of phosphoric acid / Potassium phosphate, dibasic | Regulation 19(2)(a), 6th & 7th Schedules | GMP |
| 340(iii) | – | Tripotassium phosphate | Potassium salt of phosphoric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a), 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 341 | 341 | Calcium phosphates | See INS 341(i), (ii) & (iii) | Regulations 19(2)(a) & 26(3), Regulation 39(2)(g), 7th & 8th Schedules | * Regulation 39(2)(g) |
| 341(i) | – | Calcium dihydrogen phosphate | Calcium salt of phosphoric acid / Acid calcium phosphate / Calcium phosphate, monobasic | Regulations 19(2)(a) & 26(3), Regulation 39(2)(g), 7th & 8th Schedules | * Regulation 39(2)(g) |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Additive Description | Regulation / Schedule Reference | Notes |
| 341(ii) | – | Calcium hydrogen phosphate | Calcium salt of phosphoric acid / Calcium phosphate, dibasic | Regulations 19(2)(a) & 26(3), 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 341(iii) | – | Tricalcium phosphate | Calcium salt of phosphoric acid / Calcium phosphate, tribasic | Regulations 19(2)(a) & 26(3), 6th, 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 342 | – | Ammonium phosphates | See INS 342(i) & (ii) | ||
| 342(i) | – | Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate | Ammonium phosphate, monobasic | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 342(ii) | – | Diammonium hydrogen phosphate | Ammonium phosphate, dibasic | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 343(ii) | – | Magnesium hydrogen phosphate | Magnesium phosphate, dibasic | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 343(iii) | – | Trimagnesium phosphate | Magnesium phosphate, tribasic | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 345 | – | Magnesium citrate | Magnesium citrate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 350 | 350 | Sodium malates | See INS 350(i) & (ii) | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 350(i) | – | Sodium hydrogen DL-malate | Sodium salt of malic acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 350(ii) | – | Sodium DL-malate | Sodium salt of malic acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 351 | – | Potassium malates | See INS 351(i) & (ii) | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 351(i) | – | Potassium hydrogen malate | Potassium salt of malic acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 351(ii) | 351 | Potassium malate | Potassium salt of malic acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 352 | 352 | Calcium malates | See INS 352(i) & (ii) | ||
| 352(i) | – | Calcium hydrogen malate | Calcium salt of malic acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 352(ii) | – | Calcium malate (D,L-) | Calcium salt of malic acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 354 | 354 | Calcium tartrate (DL-) | Calcium salt of tartaric acid | Regulations 19(2)(a) & 26(3) | GMP |
| 355 | 355 | Adipic acid | Adipic acid | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 363 | 363 | Succinic acid | Succinic acid | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 365 | – | Sodium fumarate | Sodium fumarate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 375 | – | Nicotinic acid | Nicotinic acid | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 380 | 380 | Triammonium citrate | Triammonium citrate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 381 | – | Ferric ammonium citrate | Ferric ammonium citrate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 383 | – | Calcium glycerophosphate | Calcium glycerophosphate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 384 | – | Isopropyl citrates | Isopropyl citrate mixture (including monoisopropyl citrate) | 3rd Schedule | * |
| 385 | 385 | Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetra acetate | Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate | Regulation 26(4) | * |
| 392 | 392 | Rosemary extract | Rosemary extract | 3rd Schedule | * |
| 400 | 400 | Alginic acid | Alginic acid | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 401 | 401 | Sodium alginate | Sodium alginate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 402 | 402 | Potassium alginate | Potassium alginate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 403 | 403 | Ammonium alginate | Ammonium alginate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 404 | 404 | Calcium alginate | Calcium alginate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 405 | 405 | Propylene glycol alginate | Propylene glycol alginate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 406 | 406 | Agar | Agar | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 407 | 407 | Carrageenan (includes furcelleran) | Carrageenan and Furcelleran | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 407a | 407a | Processed Eucheuma seaweed (PES) | Processed Eucheuma seaweed | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 409 | – | Arabinogalactan | Arabinogalactan (larch gum) | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 410 | 410 | Carob bean gum | Carob gum | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 412 | 412 | Guar gum | Guar gum | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 413 | 413 | Tragacanth gum | Tragacanth gum | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 414 | 414 | Gum arabic (Acacia gum) | Acacia gum | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 415 | 415 | Xanthan gum | Xanthan gum | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 416 | 416 | Karaya gum | Karaya gum | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 417 | 417 | Tara gum | Tara gum | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 418 | 418 | Gellan gum | Gellan gum | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 419 | – | Gum ghatti | Ghatti gum | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 420 | 420 | Sorbitols | See INS 420(i) and 420(ii) | ||
| 420(i) | 420 | Sorbitol | Sorbitol | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 420(ii) | 420 | Sorbitol syrup | Sorbitol syrup | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 421 | 421 | Mannitol | Mannitol | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 422 | 422 | Glycerol | Glycerol / Glycerin or Glycerol | Regulation 22(2), 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 424 | – | Curdlan | Curdlan | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name of Additive as Listed in Food Regulations | Regulation / Schedule No. (Under Food Regulations) | Notes |
| 425 | 425 | Konjac flour | Konjac flour | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 432 | 432 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20) | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 433 | 433 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan mono-oleate (polysorbate 80) | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 434 | 434 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan mono-palmitate (polysorbate 40) | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 435 | 435 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (polysorbate 60) | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 436 | 436 | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate | Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate (polysorbate 65) | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 437 | – | Tamarind seed polysaccharide | Tamarind seed polysaccharide | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 440 | 440 | Pectins | Pectins, including amidated pectins | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 442 | 442 | Ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid | Ammonium phosphatides | Regulation 168(1)(ga) | * |
| 444 | 444 | Sucrose acetate isobutyrate | Sucrose acetate isobutyrate | Regulation 21(3)(b) | * |
| 445(iii) | 445 | Glycerol ester of wood rosin | Ester gum | Regulation 21(3)(a) | * |
| 450 | 450 | Diphosphates | See INS 450(i) – (vii) | ||
| 450(i) | – | Disodium diphosphate | Sodium salt of phosphoric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 450(ii) | – | Trisodium diphosphate | Sodium salt of phosphoric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 450(iii) | – | Tetrasodium diphosphate | Sodium salt of phosphoric acid / Sodium pyrophosphate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 6th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 450(iv) | – | Dipotassium diphosphate | Potassium salt of phosphoric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) | GMP |
| 450(v) | – | Tetrapotassium diphosphate | Potassium salt of phosphoric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 450(vi) | – | Dicalcium diphosphate | Calcium salt of phosphoric acid / Calcium pyrophosphate | Regulation 19(2)(a), 6th & 7th Schedules | GMP |
| 450(vii) | – | Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate | Calcium salt of phosphoric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 451 | 451 | Triphosphates | See INS 451(i) & (ii) | ||
| 451(i) | – | Pentasodium triphosphate | Sodium salt of phosphoric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 451(ii) | – | Pentapotassium triphosphate | Potassium salt of phosphoric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 452 | 452 | Polyphosphates | See INS 452(i), (ii) & (iv) | ||
| 452(i) | – | Sodium polyphosphate | Sodium salt of phosphoric acid / Sodium hexametaphosphate | Regulations 19(2)(a), Regulation 100(c) 6th Schedule | * Regulation 100(c) |
| 452(ii) | – | Potassium polyphosphate | Potassium salt of phosphoric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 452(iv) | – | Calcium polyphosphate | Calcium salt of phosphoric acid | Regulation 19(2)(a) 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 457 | – | Cyclodextrin, alpha- | Cyclodextrin, alpha- | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 458 | – | Cyclodextrin, gamma- | Cyclodextrin, gamma- | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 459 | 459 | Cyclodextrin, beta- | Beta-Cyclodextrin | Regulation 22(2) | GMP |
| 460 | 460 | Celluloses | See INS 460(i) & (ii) | ||
| 460(i) | – | Microcrystalline cellulose (cellulose gel) | Cellulose | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 460(ii) | – | Powdered cellulose | Cellulose | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 461 | 461 | Methyl cellulose | Methyl cellulose | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 462 | 462 | Ethyl cellulose | Ethyl cellulose | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 463 | 463 | Hydroxypropyl cellulose | Hydroxy propyl cellulose | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 464 | 464 | Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose | Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 465 | 465 | Methyl ethyl cellulose | Methyl ethyl cellulose | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 466 | 466 | Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (cellulose gum) | Carboxy methyl cellulose | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 467 | – | Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose | Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 468 | 468 | Cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (cross-linked cellulose gum) | Croscarmellose sodium | Regulation 18(5), 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 469 | 469 | Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, enzymatically hydrolysed (cellulose gum, enzymatically hydrolysed) | Enzymatically hydrolysed sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (cellulose gum, enzymatically hydrolysed) | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 470(i) | 470a | Salts of myristic, palmitic, and stearic acids with ammonia | Ammonium, calcium, potassium or sodium myristate; Ammonium, calcium, potassium or sodium palmitate | Regulation 16(3), Regulation 18(5) (applies to calcium stearate only), 6th Schedule | * Regulation 16(3) |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name of Additive as Listed in Food Regulations | Regulation / Schedule No. (under Food Regulations) | Notes |
| 470(ii) | 470a | Ammonium, calcium, potassium or sodium stearate | Salts of oleic acid with calcium, potassium and sodium | Regulation 16(3), 6th Schedule | * Regulation 16(3) |
| 470(iii) | – | Magnesium stearate | Magnesium stearate | Regulation 16(3), 8th Schedule | * Regulation 16(3) |
| 471 | 471 | Mono- and di- glycerides of fatty acids | Mono and diglycerides of fatty acids | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 472a | 472a | Acetic and fatty acid esters of glycerol | Acetylated mono-glycerides | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 472b | 472b | Lactic and fatty acid esters of glycerol | Glycerol esters of lactic acid | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 472c | 472c | Citric and fatty acid esters of glycerol | Citric acid glycerides / Glycerol esters of citric acid | 6th & 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 472d | 472d | Tartaric acid esters of mono- and di- glycerides of fatty acids | Tartaric acid glycerides | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 472e | 472e | Diacetyltartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol | Diacetyl tartaric acid glycerides | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 473 | 473 | Sucrose esters of fatty acids | Sucrose esters of fatty acids | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 473a | – | Sucrose oligoesters, type I and type II | Sucrose oligoesters, type I and type II | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 475 | 475 | Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids | Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 476 | 476 | Polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid | Polyglycerol polyricinoleate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 477 | 477 | Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids | Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 480 | – | Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate | Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 481(i) | 481 | Sodium stearoyl lactylate | Sodium salt of stearoyl-2-lactylic acid | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 482(i) | 482 | Calcium stearoyl lactylate | Calcium salt of stearoyl-2-lactylic acid | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 483 | 483 | Stearyl tartrate | Stearyl tartrate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 491 | 491 | Sorbitan monostearate | Sorbitan monostearate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 492 | 492 | Sorbitan tristearate | Sorbitan tristearate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 493 | 493 | Sorbitan monolaurate | Sorbitan monolaurate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 494 | 494 | Sorbitan monooleate | Sorbitan mono-oleate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 495 | 495 | Sorbitan monopalmitate | Sorbitan mono-palmitate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 500 | 500 | Sodium carbonates | see INS 500(i), (ii) & (iii) | Regulation 181, 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 500(i) | – | Sodium carbonate | Sodium carbonate | Regulation 181, 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 500(ii) | 500(ii) | Sodium hydrogen carbonate | Sodium bicarbonate | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 500(iii) | – | Sodium sesquicarbonate | Sodium sesquicarbonate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 501 | 501 | Potassium carbonates | see INS 501(i) & (ii) | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 501(i) | – | Potassium carbonate | Potassium carbonate | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 501(ii) | – | Potassium hydrogen carbonate | Potassium bicarbonate | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 503 | 503 | Ammonium carbonates | see INS 503(i) & (ii) | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 503(i) | – | Ammonium carbonate | Ammonium carbonate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 503(ii) | – | Ammonium hydrogen carbonate | Ammonium bicarbonate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 504(i) | 504 | Magnesium carbonate | Magnesium carbonate | Regulation 16(3), 7th & 8th Schedules | * Regulation 16(3) |
| 504(ii) | – | Magnesium hydroxide carbonate | Magnesium hydroxide carbonate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 505 | – | Ferrous carbonate | Ferrous carbonate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 507 | 507 | Hydrochloric acid | Hydrochloric acid | 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 508 | 508 | Potassium chloride | Potassium chloride | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 509 | 509 | Calcium chloride | Calcium chloride | Regulation 211, 7th & 8th Schedules | * Regulation 211 |
| 510 | – | Ammonium chloride | Ammonium chloride | Regulation 39(2)(f) | * |
| 511 | 511 | Magnesium chloride | Magnesium chloride | Regulation 211, 7th & 8th Schedules | * |
| 513 | 513 | Sulfuric acid | Sulphuric acid | 8th & 17th Schedule | GMP |
| 514 | 514 | Sodium sulfates | See INS 514(i) & (ii) | 7th, 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 514(i) | – | Sodium sulfate | Sodium sulphate | 7th, 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 514(ii) | – | Sodium hydrogen sulfate | Sodium acid sulphate (sodium hydrogen sulphate) | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 515(i) | 515 | Potassium sulfate | Potassium sulphate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 516 | 516 | Calcium sulfate | Calcium sulphate | Regulations 42 & 211, 7th & 8th Schedules | * Regulations 42 & 211 |
| 517 | 517 | Ammonium sulfate | Ammonium sulphate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 518 | – | Magnesium sulfate | Magnesium sulphate | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 519 | – | Cupric sulfate | Cupric sulphate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 522 | 522 | Aluminium potassium sulfate | Aluminium potassium sulphate | Regulation 141(d) | * |
| 524 | 524 | Sodium hydroxide | Sodium hydroxide | 7th, 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 525 | 525 | Potassium hydroxide | Potassium hydroxide | 7th, 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 526 | 526 | Calcium hydroxide | Calcium hydroxide | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 527 | 527 | Ammonium hydroxide | Ammonium hydroxide | 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 528 | 528 | Magnesium hydroxide | Magnesium hydroxide | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 529 | 529 | Calcium oxide | Calcium oxide | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 530 | 530 | Magnesium oxide | Magnesium oxide | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 535 | 535 | Sodium ferrocyanide | Sodium ferrocyanide | Regulation 16(4) | * |
| 536 | 536 | Potassium ferrocyanide | Potassium ferrocyanide | Regulation 16(4) | * |
| 539 | – | Sodium thiosulfate | Sodium salt of sulphurous acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 541(i) | 541 | Sodium aluminium phosphate (acidic) | Sodium aluminium phosphate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| INS No. | E No. | Food Additive Name | Name in Food Regulations | Regulation / Schedule No. | Notes |
| 515(i) | 515 | Potassium sulfate | Potassium sulphate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 516 | 516 | Calcium sulfate | Calcium sulphate | Regulations 42 & 211, 7th & 8th Schedules | * Regulations 42 & 211 |
| 517 | 517 | Ammonium sulfate | Ammonium sulphate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 518 | – | Magnesium sulfate | Magnesium sulphate | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 519 | – | Cupric sulfate | Cupric sulphate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 522 | 522 | Aluminium potassium sulfate | Aluminium potassium sulphate | Regulation 141(d) | * |
| 524 | 524 | Sodium hydroxide | Sodium hydroxide | 7th, 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 525 | 525 | Potassium hydroxide | Potassium hydroxide | 7th, 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 526 | 526 | Calcium hydroxide | Calcium hydroxide | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 527 | 527 | Ammonium hydroxide | Ammonium hydroxide | 8th & 17th Schedules | GMP |
| 528 | 528 | Magnesium hydroxide | Magnesium hydroxide | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 529 | 529 | Calcium oxide | Calcium oxide | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 530 | 530 | Magnesium oxide | Magnesium oxide | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 535 | 535 | Sodium ferrocyanide | Sodium ferrocyanide | Regulation 16(4) | * |
| 536 | 536 | Potassium ferrocyanide | Potassium ferrocyanide | Regulation 16(4) | * |
| 539 | – | Sodium thiosulfate | Sodium salt of sulphurous acid | Regulation 19(2)(b), 4th Schedule (Part I) | * |
| 541 | – | Sodium aluminium phosphate | See INS 541(i) & (ii) | – | – |
| 541(i) | 541 | Sodium aluminium phosphate (acidic) | Sodium aluminium phosphate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 541(ii) | – | Sodium aluminium phosphate (basic) | Sodium aluminium phosphate | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 542 | – | Bone phosphate | Edible bone phosphate | Regulation 16(3) | * |
| 551 | 551 | Silicon dioxide, amorphous | Silicon dioxide / Silica aerogel | Regulation 16(3), 8th Schedule | * Regulation 16(3) |
| 552 | 552 | Calcium silicate | Calcium silicate | Regulation 16(3) | * |
| 553 | 553a | Magnesium silicates | See INS 553(i), (ii), (iii) | – | – |
| 553(i) | – | Magnesium silicate, synthetic | Magnesium silicate (synthetic) | Regulation 16(3) | * |
| 553(ii) | – | Magnesium trisilicate | Magnesium trisilicate | Regulation 16(3) | * |
| 553(iii) | 553b | Talc | Talc | Regulation 16(3) | * |
| 554 | 554 | Sodium aluminosilicate | Sodium aluminium silicate | Regulation 16(3) | * |
| 556 | 556 | Calcium aluminium silicate | Calcium aluminium silicate | Regulation 16(3) | * |
| 575 | 575 | Glucono delta-lactone | Glucono delta-lactone | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 576 | 576 | Sodium gluconate | Sodium gluconate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 577 | 577 | Potassium gluconate | Potassium gluconate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 578 | 578 | Calcium gluconate | Calcium gluconate | 7th & 8th Schedules | GMP |
| 579 | 579 | Ferrous gluconate | Ferrous gluconate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 580 | – | Magnesium gluconate | Magnesium gluconate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 585 | 585 | Ferrous lactate | Ferrous lactate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 620 | 620 | Glutamic acid, L(+) | L-glutamic acid | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 621 | 621 | Monosodium L-glutamate | Monosodium glutamate | Regulations 23(2), 23(3) & 246 | GMP |
| 622 | 622 | Monopotassium L-glutamate | Monopotassium L-glutamate | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 623 | 623 | Calcium di-L-glutamate | Calcium di-L-glutamate | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 624 | 624 | Monoammonium L-glutamate | Monoammonium L-glutamate | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 625 | 625 | Magnesium di-L-glutamate | Magnesium di-L-glutamate | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 626 | 626 | Guanylic acid, 5’- | Guanylic acid | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 627 | 627 | Disodium 5’-guanylate | Disodium 5’-guanylate | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 628 | 628 | Dipotassium 5’-guanylate | Dipotassium 5’-guanylate | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 629 | 629 | Calcium 5′-guanylate | Calcium 5′-guanylate | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 630 | 630 | Inosinic acid, 5’- | Inosinic acid | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 631 | 631 | Disodium 5′-inosinate | Disodium 5′-inosinate | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 632 | 632 | Potassium 5’-inosinate | Dipotassium 5’-inosinate | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 633 | 633 | Calcium 5′-inosinate | Calcium 5′-inosinate | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 634 | 634 | Calcium 5′-ribonucleotides | See INS 629 and INS 633 | – | – |
| 635 | 635 | Disodium 5′-ribonucleotides | See INS 627 and INS 631 | – | – |
| 637 | – | Ethyl maltol | Ethyl maltol | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 640 | 640 | Glycine | Glycine | Regulation 26(3) | GMP |
| 641 | 641 | L-Leucine | L-Leucine | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name in Food Regulations | Regulation / Schedule No. | Notes |
| 650 | 650 | Zinc acetate | Zinc acetate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 900a | 900 | Polydimethylsiloxane | Dimethyl polysiloxane | Regulations 16A(3) & (4) | * |
| 901 | 901 | Beeswax | Beeswax | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 902 | 902 | Candelilla wax | Candelilla wax | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 903 | 903 | Carnauba wax | Carnauba wax | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 904 | 904 | Shellac, bleached | Shellac | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 905b | – | Petroleum jelly (Petrolatum) | Petroleum jellies | Regulation 36 | * |
| 905c(i) | 905 | Microcrystalline wax | Micro-crystalline waxes | Regulation 36 | * |
| 905c(ii) | – | Paraffin wax | Hard paraffins | Regulation 36 | * |
| 905d | – | Mineral Oil (High Viscosity) | White mineral oils | Regulation 36 | * |
| 905e | – | Mineral Oil (Medium Viscosity) | White mineral oils | Regulation 36 | * |
| 917 | – | Potassium iodate | Potassium iodate | Regulation 212, 7th Schedule | * Regulation 212 |
| 920 | 920 | Cysteine, L- and its hydrochlorides – sodium and potassium salts | Only L-cysteine is permitted | Regulation 23(2) | GMP |
| 922 | – | Potassium persulfate | Potassium persulphate | Regulation 39(2)(e) | * |
| 923 | – | Ammonium persulfate | Ammonium persulphate | Regulation 39(2)(e) | * |
| 925 | – | Chlorine | Chlorine | Regulation 39(3) | * |
| 926 | – | Chlorine dioxide | Chlorine dioxide | Regulation 39(3), 17th Schedule | * |
| 928 | – | Benzoyl peroxide | Benzoyl peroxide | Regulation 39(3) | * |
| – | 939 | Helium | Helium | Regulation 27(2), 8th Schedule | * |
| 941 | 941 | Nitrogen | Nitrogen | Regulation 27(2), 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 942 | 942 | Nitrous oxide | Nitrous oxide | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 950 | 950 | Acesulfame potassium | Acesulfame-K | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 951 | 951 | Aspartame | Aspartame | 8th Schedule | GMP (with labelling per Reg. 5(4)(f)) |
| 952 | 952 | Cyclamates (see below) | Cyclamates | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 952(i) | 952 | Cyclamic acid | Cyclamic acid | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 952(ii) | 952 | Calcium cyclamate | Calcium salt of cyclamic acid | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 952(iv) | 952 | Sodium cyclamate | Sodium salt of cyclamic acid | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 953 | 953 | Isomalt | Isomalt | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 954 | 954 | Saccharins (see below) | Saccharins | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 954(i) | 954 | Saccharin | Saccharin | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 954(ii) | 954 | Calcium saccharin | Calcium salt of saccharin | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 954(iii) | 954 | Potassium saccharin | Potassium salt of saccharin | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 954(iv) | 954 | Sodium saccharin | Sodium salt of saccharin | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 955 | 955 | Sucralose | Sucralose | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 957 | 957 | Thaumatin | Thaumatin | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 960 | 960 | Steviol glycosides | Steviol glycosides | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 960a | 960a | Steviol glycosides from Stevia | Steviol glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 960b | 960b | Steviol glycosides from fermentation | Steviol glycosides from fermentation | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 960c | 960c | Enzymatically produced steviol glycosides | Includes glycosides produced using UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.9) from Bifidobacterium bifidum | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 960d | 960d | Glucosylated steviol glycosides | Glucosylated steviol glycosides | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 961 | 961 | Neotame | Neotame | Regulation 18, 13th Schedule | * |
| 964 | 964 | Polyglycitol syrup | Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate (polyglycitol syrup) | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| INS Number | E Number | Food Additive Name | Name as per Food Regulations | Regulation / Schedule No. | Notes |
| 965 | 965 | Maltitols | Hydrogenated glucose syrup (maltitol and related) | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 965(i) | – | Maltitol | Hydrogenated glucose syrup | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 965(ii) | – | Maltitol syrup | Hydrogenated glucose syrup | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 966 | 966 | Lactitol | Lactitol | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 967 | 967 | Xylitol | Xylitol | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 968 | 968 | Erythritol | Erythritol | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 969 | 969 | Advantame | Advantame | Regulation 18(3A) | GMP |
| 999 | 999 | Quillaia extracts | Quillaia extracts | Regulation 21(3A) | * |
| 999(i) | 999 | Quillaia extract type 1 | Quillaia extract (Type I) | Regulation 21(3A) | * |
| 999(ii) | 999 | Quillaia extract type 2 | Quillaia extract (Type II) | Regulation 21(3A) | * |
| 1001(iii) | – | Choline chloride | Choline chloride | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 1001(v) | – | Choline tartrate | Choline bitartrate | 7th Schedule | GMP |
| 1100 | – | Amylases | Enzymes from Aspergillus oryzae | Regulation 39(2)(c), 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 1101(i) | – | Protease | Enzymes from Aspergillus oryzae | Regulation 39(2)(c), 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 1105 | 1105 | Lysozyme | Lysozyme | Regulation 117(1) | GMP |
| 1200 | 1200 | Polydextroses | Polydextrose | Reg. 252(6)(d), 8th Schedule | * Reg. 252(6)(d) |
| 1202 | 1202 | Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone | Polyvinylpyrrolidone, insoluble | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 1204 | 1204 | Pullulan | Pullulan | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 1210 | – | Sodium polyacrylate | Sodium polyacrylate | Regulation 55(4A) | * |
| 1400 | – | Dextrins, roasted starch | Dextrin roasted starch | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1401 | – | Acid-treated starch | Acid-treated starch | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1402 | – | Alkaline-treated starch | Alkaline-treated starch | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1403 | – | Bleached starch | Bleached starch | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1404 | 1404 | Oxidized starch | Oxidised starch | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1405 | – | Enzyme-treated starch | Enzyme-treated starch | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1410 | 1410 | Monostarch phosphate | Monostarch phosphate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1412 | 1412 | Distarch phosphate | Distarch phosphate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1413 | 1413 | Phosphated distarch phosphate | Phosphated distarch phosphate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1414 | 1414 | Acetylated distarch phosphate | Acetylated distarch phosphate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1420 | 1420 | Starch acetate | Starch acetate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1422 | 1422 | Acetylated distarch adipate | Acetylated distarch adipate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1440 | 1440 | Hydroxypropyl starch | Hydroxypropyl starch | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1442 | 1442 | Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate | Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1450 | 1450 | Starch sodium octenyl succinate | Starch sodium octenyl succinate | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1451 | 1451 | Acetylated oxidized starch | Acetylated oxidised starch | 6th Schedule | GMP |
| 1504(i) | – | Cyclotetraglucose | Cyclotetraglucose | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 1504(ii) | – | Cyclotetraglucose syrup | Cyclotetraglucose syrup | 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 1505 | 1505 | Triethyl citrate | Triethyl citrate | Regulation 28(6) | * |
| 1517 | 1517 | Glycerol diacetate | Diacetin | Regulation 22(2) | GMP |
| 1518 | 1518 | Triacetin | Triacetin | Regulation 22(2) | GMP |
| 1519 | 1519 | Benzyl alcohol | Benzyl alcohol | Regulation 22(2) | GMP |
| 1520 | 1520 | Propylene glycol | Propylene glycol | Reg. 22(2), 8th Schedule | GMP |
| 1521 | 1521 | Polyethylene glycol | Polyethylene glycol | 8th Schedule | GMP |
Ensuring Compliance
Food manufacturers and importers must abide by the SFA’s regulations for:
- Checking the Permitted Additives List: Regularly checking that all additives used are in the approved list.
- Using the Food Additives Search Tool: An online tool provided by SFA to check if a particular additive is allowed.
- Keeping Records: Documentation of all additives used, recording their sources and concentrations, to allow for inspections and audits.
Application for New Additives
If a manufacturer wishes to use an additive not currently permitted, an application shall be made to the SFA, giving scientific evidence of safety and efficacy. The SFA is responsible for considering such applications in the light of international standards and local dietary considerations.
Consumer Awareness
Consumer Awareness describes the role consumers have in food safety:
- Reading Labels: Consumers should carefully read ingredient lists and note any additives contained in a food product.
- Stay informed: They should keep updated through SFA information on food additives and likelihood of harm therefrom.
Conclusion
Singapore’s careful regulation of food additives demonstrates its commitment to public health and food safety. Any manufacturer must follow the guidelines set by the SFA to maintain the integrity of their products while consumers must keep in mind their choices of food. Continuous stakeholder collaboration with regulatory bodies, the industry, and the members of the public will enhance the safety of Singapore’s food supply.
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