3D Printing Of Culture Meat

DEFINITION – CULTURE MEAT

“Cultured meat can be grown from animal cells without animal slaughter“ (Post, 2012). 
  • Cultured beef also eliminates the need for animal slaughter and has a far lower environmental impact in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, land usage, and water consumption [1].

CELLS FOR CULTURE

  • The best suitable beginning material is self-renewing cells that grow the cells needed to make meat, such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, myofibers, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. 
  • Adult stem cells like satellite stem cells and Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are numerous cell sources for cultured meat applications .

PROCESS

  • Satellite cells isolated from the biopsy are purified using specific cell surface markers, which upon triggering, transform myoblasts into myocytes and then into myotubes and finally into myofiber [2].

3D food printing

Layer-by-layer extruding food components create food-related 3D printing into three-dimensional things.

  • The world of culinary art has printed various edible items,from cakes topizza[3].

3D food printinghas many benefits

  •  Individualized nutrition
  • Individualized food preparation, streamlining the supply chain
  • Expanding the range of food materials accessible Low-volume food fabrication of unique goods
    in the food industry aids in creating the 3D shape.
  • It provides customers with aesthetically pleasing and,  most importantly, delicious food.

3D PRINTING OF CULTURED MEAT

A revolutionary method of positioning cellular and acellular elements called “bioprinting” accurately positions and distributes biomaterials with cells to create complex 3D-functioning living tissues.

Three fundamental bioprinting techniques that are often employed include  

  1.  Inkjet printing,
  2. Extrusion printing, and
  3. Light-assisted printing.

GOAL AND MERITS

The goal of 3D printing meat is to solve major problems:

 

1.Reducing greenhouse gas emissions,

2.Providing consumers with a safe source of protein,

3.Encouraging a sustainable approach to satisfy meat demand

Merits of using cultured meat

  • Production time 

Cultured meat production takes only several weeks when compared to conventional meat.

  • Risk of foodborne disease 

There is a low risk of potential contamination as no handling of livestock is required.

  • Land use and resource consumption 

Since only a bioreactor is required to produce cultured meat, cultured meat reduces land use.

  • Controlling meat composition 

The composition of meat can be altered and manipulated  [4].

CURRENT CHALLENGES OF 3D PRINTING IN THE CULTURED MEAT INDUSTRY

  • Scaling up of cultured meat products to meet the needs ofindustrial production.
  • Stem cell separation from farmed animals is challenging due o the limited scientific exploration for cell maintenance, differentiation and expansion toward large-scale capacities.
  • Existing culture media and its components, such as growth and differentiation factors, are too expensive. Strategies are being proposed to bring down the cost.
  1. There are regulatory challenges as well.

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